Station: KALB Date: 12Z 9 FEB 2010 WMO ident: 72518 Latitude: 42.75 Longitude: -73.80 Elevation: 89.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1007 89 -6.5 -11.5 68 5.0 -7.8 330 5 266.1 266.4 264.9 270.4 1.57 M 1000 147 -7.3 -14.3 57 7.0 -9.0 285 16 265.9 266.1 264.1 269.3 1.26 W 980 305 -8.7 -14.3 64 5.6 -10.0 275 63 266.0 266.2 264.3 269.6 1.29 W 942 610 -11.3 -14.2 79 2.9 -12.0 275 86 266.4 266.6 264.7 270.1 1.35 M 925 749 -12.5 -14.2 87 1.7 -12.9 275 104 266.5 266.8 264.8 270.3 1.37 S 909 882 -13.3 -14.4 91 1.1 -13.6 275 106 267.0 267.3 265.2 270.8 1.38 W 905 914 -12.9 -13.9 92 1.0 -13.1 275 107 267.8 268.0 265.8 271.8 1.44 S 873 1192 -9.3 -9.8 96 0.5 -9.5 276 94 274.3 274.6 271.2 280.1 2.08 W 870 1219 -8.7 -9.2 96 0.5 -8.9 276 92 275.2 275.5 271.9 281.3 2.18 M 850 1400 -4.9 -5.3 97 0.4 -5.0 277 84 281.0 281.5 276.5 289.6 3.03 W 837 1524 -5.2 -6.6 89 1.5 -5.7 278 78 282.0 282.5 276.6 289.9 2.78 W 805 1829 -5.8 -9.9 73 4.1 -7.1 280 64 284.5 284.9 277.2 291.0 2.24 W 774 2134 -6.4 -13.1 59 6.7 -8.5 30 32 287.0 287.3 277.8 292.3 1.79 S 760 2281 -6.7 -14.7 53 8.0 -9.1 30 31 288.2 288.5 278.2 293.0 1.61 W 745 2438 -7.7 -16.7 48 9.0 -10.2 30 30 288.8 289.0 278.2 293.0 1.39 W 586 4267 -19.5 -39.9 15 20.4 -21.9 346 36 295.5 295.6 279.7 296.2 0.20 S 579 4360 -20.1 -41.1 14 21.0 -22.5 344 37 295.9 295.9 279.8 296.5 0.18 W 454 6096 -32.6 -49.7 17 17.1 -33.7 315 43 301.6 301.6 282.1 301.9 0.09 W 434 6401 -34.8 -51.2 17 16.4 -35.7 295 67 302.5 302.5 282.5 302.8 0.08 S 374 7466 -42.5 -56.5 20 14.0 -43.0 295 70 305.6 305.6 283.7 305.8 0.05 W 365 7620 -43.5 -57.4 20 13.9 -43.9 295 71 306.3 306.3 284.0 306.5 0.04 W 333 8230 -47.5 -60.8 20 13.3 -47.8 305 80 309.1 309.1 285.0 309.2 0.03 W 303 8839 -51.5 -64.2 20 12.8 -51.7 295 99 311.8 311.8 286.0 311.9 0.02 W 290 9144 -53.5 -66.0 20 12.5 -53.7 290 94 313.1 313.1 286.5 313.2 0.02 W 276 9449 -55.5 -67.7 20 12.2 -55.6 295 78 314.5 314.5 286.9 314.5 0.02 S 266 9701 -57.1 -69.1 20 12.0 -57.2 292 81 315.5 315.5 287.3 315.6 0.01 W 240 10363 -57.9 -70.5 19 12.5 -58.1 285 88 323.9 323.9 289.9 323.9 0.01 W 228 10668 -58.3 -71.1 18 12.8 -58.5 290 75 327.8 327.8 291.1 327.8 0.01 S 218 10958 -58.7 -71.7 17 13.0 -58.8 304 44 331.5 331.5 292.2 331.6 0.01 W 217 10973 -58.4 -71.5 17 13.1 -58.6 305 42 332.2 332.2 292.3 332.2 0.01 S 209 11226 -53.9 -68.9 14 15.0 -54.2 295 50 343.1 343.1 295.1 343.1 0.02 W 198 11582 -52.8 -69.0 12 16.2 -53.1 285 60 350.2 350.2 296.7 350.3 0.02 W 189 11887 -51.9 -69.1 11 17.2 -52.3 275 106 356.4 356.4 298.0 356.5 0.02 W 180 12192 -51.0 -69.2 10 18.3 -51.4 280 98 362.8 362.8 299.2 362.9 0.02 S 174 12415 -50.3 -69.3 9 19.0 -50.8 283 70 367.5 367.5 300.1 367.6 0.02 W 172 12497 -50.6 -69.7 9 19.1 -51.1 285 59 368.3 368.3 300.3 368.4 0.02 W 164 12802 -51.7 -71.1 8 19.4 -52.1 280 51 371.5 371.5 300.8 371.6 0.02 W 136 14021 -56.1 -76.9 6 20.9 -56.4 285 38 384.4 384.4 302.9 384.5 0.01 S 133 14146 -56.5 -77.5 5 21.0 -56.8 284 42 385.8 385.8 303.2 385.8 0.01 W 123 14630 -56.8 -78.1 5 21.4 -57.1 280 59 393.8 393.8 304.3 393.8 0.01 W 112 15240 -57.1 -79.0 5 21.8 -57.5 280 54 404.2 404.2 305.7 404.2 0.01 W 107 15545 -57.3 -79.4 4 22.0 -57.7 280 64 409.4 409.4 306.5 409.5 0.01 W 72 17983 -58.8 -82.6 3 23.8 -59.2 275 48 454.2 454.2 311.3 454.2 0.01 M 70 18200 -58.9 -82.9 3 24.0 -59.4 275 48 458.4 458.4 311.6 458.4 0.01 W 69 18288 -58.9 -82.9 3 24.0 -59.4 275 48 460.1 460.1 311.8 460.1 0.01 S 66 18569 -59.1 -83.1 3 24.0 -59.6 275 57 465.7 465.7 312.3 465.8 0.01 W 66 18593 -59.1 -83.1 3 23.9 -59.6 275 58 466.1 466.1 312.3 466.2 0.01 W 54 19812 -61.3 -82.5 4 21.2 -61.7 275 58 488.1 488.1 314.1 488.1 0.01 S 51 20177 -61.9 -82.3 5 20.4 -62.3 278 46 494.8 494.8 314.6 494.9 0.01 M 50 20300 -59.5 -82.2 4 22.7 -60.1 280 42 503.3 503.3 315.2 503.3 0.01 W 49 20422 -59.0 -82.1 3 23.2 -59.6 285 40 507.3 507.3 315.5 507.4 0.01 S 43 21252 -55.3 -81.7 2 26.4 -56.4 276 37 535.8 535.8 317.3 535.9 0.01 W 42 21336 -55.6 -81.7 2 26.0 -56.7 275 37 537.0 537.0 317.3 537.1 0.01 W 40 21641 -56.9 -81.5 3 24.7 -57.9 80 195 541.5 541.5 317.6 541.6 0.01 W 38 21946 -58.1 -81.4 4 23.3 -59.0 105 98 546.0 546.0 317.9 546.1 0.01 W 37 22250 -59.3 -81.2 4 21.9 -60.1 265 60 550.5 550.5 318.1 550.6 0.01 W 35 22555 -60.5 -81.0 5 20.5 -61.3 270 60 555.1 555.1 318.4 555.2 0.02 W 32 23165 -63.0 -80.7 7 17.8 -63.6 330 42 564.2 564.2 318.9 564.3 0.02 S 31 23298 -63.5 -80.7 8 17.2 -64.0 322 51 566.2 566.2 319.0 566.3 0.02 W 30 23470 -62.3 -80.6 7 18.3 -63.0 315 62 574.0 574.0 319.3 574.1 0.02 M 30 23500 -62.1 -80.5 7 18.4 -62.8 315 62 575.3 575.4 319.5 575.5 0.02 W 27 24079 -63.9 -80.2 9 16.4 -64.5 270 116 586.0 586.0 320.0 586.2 0.02 S 27 24149 -64.1 -80.2 9 16.1 -64.7 274 103 587.3 587.3 320.0 587.5 0.02 W 26 24384 -63.0 -80.1 8 17.1 -63.7 65 58 596.8 596.8 320.5 597.0 0.03 W 25 24689 -61.6 -79.9 7 18.3 -62.5 90 123 609.3 609.3 321.0 609.5 0.03 MWD 24 24877 -60.8 -79.8 6 19.1 -61.7 90 123 617.1 617.2 321.4 617.4 0.03 W 24 24994 -60.2 -79.8 6 19.5 -61.3 225 163 622.0 622.0 321.6 622.2 0.03 W 22 25298 -58.9 -79.6 5 20.7 -60.2 260 86 634.8 634.8 322.1 635.0 0.03 S 22 25422 -58.3 -79.5 5 21.2 -59.7 260 92 640.0 640.0 322.3 640.3 0.03 W 21 25603 -58.9 -79.4 5 20.5 -60.2 260 100 643.5 643.5 322.4 643.8 0.03 W 20 25908 -59.9 -79.3 6 19.4 -61.2 260 81 649.4 649.4 322.7 649.7 0.04 M 20 26020 -60.3 -79.2 7 18.9 -61.5 255 89 651.6 651.6 322.7 651.9 0.04 W 19 26213 -60.7 -79.1 7 18.4 -61.9 245 137 656.0 656.1 322.9 656.4 0.04 W 18 26518 -61.5 -79.0 8 17.5 -62.6 210 177 663.1 663.2 323.2 663.5 0.04 W 17 27127 -62.9 -78.7 10 15.8 -63.8 15 23 677.5 677.6 323.7 677.9 0.05 S 16 27401 -63.5 -78.5 11 15.0 -64.4 236 83 684.1 684.1 323.9 684.5 0.05 W 16 27432 -62.6 -78.5 10 15.9 -63.7 235 90 688.1 688.1 324.0 688.6 0.05 W 15 27737 -53.4 -78.3 3 24.9 -56.5 230 80 727.9 727.9 325.3 728.4 0.06 S 15 27809 -51.3 -78.3 3 27.0 -55.1 225 78 737.4 737.4 325.6 737.9 0.06 W 14 28042 - - - - - 110 58 - - - - - W 12 28346 - - - - - - - - - - - - Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5255.35 m Freezing level: Surface below freezing Wetbulb zero: Below ground Precipitable water: 0.25 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 47.11 % Est. max temperature: 6.35 C = 43.43 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 929.91 mb = 708.10 m = 2323.13 ft T: -12.15 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.77 C/km ThetaE index: 1.08 C Layer 1000.0- 979.8 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 578.63 mb = 4364.21 m = 14318.09 ft Mean mixing ratio: 1.34 g/kg Conv temperature: 23.31 C = 73.96 F Cap Strength: 22.54 C Lifted Index: 24.28 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 29.89 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 19.76 C Showalter Index: 8.92 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 45.04 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 22.72 C Cross Totals Index: 22.32 C K Index: 5.49 Risk: None Sweat Index: 208.36 Risk: None Energy Index: 2.14 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 3.81 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 2.76 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 63797.71 J/kg Cap Strength: 24.12 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 897.65 mb = 978.40 m = 3209.93 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 341 at 37 knt ----------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ----------------------------------------------------- 1007 89 330 5 2.5 -4.3 | 163 32 -9.4 30.4 1000 147 285 16 15.5 -4.1 | 187 31 3.6 30.6 980 305 275 63 62.8 -5.5 | 240 59 50.9 29.2 942 610 275 86 85.7 -7.5 | 250 79 73.8 27.2 925 749 275 104 103.6 -9.1 | 254 95 91.7 25.7 909 882 275 106 106.0 -9.3 | 255 98 94.1 25.5 905 914 275 107 106.6 -9.3 | 255 98 94.7 25.4 873 1192 276 94 93.2 -9.9 | 253 85 81.3 24.8 870 1219 276 92 91.9 -9.9 | 253 84 80.1 24.8 850 1400 277 84 83.3 -10.3 | 251 76 71.5 24.4 837 1524 278 78 77.5 -10.5 | 250 70 65.6 24.2 805 1829 280 64 63.0 -11.1 | 245 56 51.2 23.6 774 2134 30 32 -16.0 -27.7 | 104 29 -27.9 7.0 760 2281 30 31 -15.5 -26.9 | 106 28 -27.4 7.8 745 2438 30 30 -15.0 -26.0 | 108 28 -26.9 8.7 586 4267 346 36 8.7 -35.2 | 81 3 -3.2 -0.5 579 4360 344 37 10.0 -35.2 | 76 2 -1.9 -0.5 454 6096 315 43 30.4 -30.4 | 257 19 18.5 4.3 434 6401 295 67 60.7 -28.3 | 263 49 48.9 6.4 374 7466 295 70 63.9 -29.8 | 265 52 52.0 5.0 365 7620 295 71 64.3 -30.0 | 265 53 52.5 4.7 333 8230 305 80 65.5 -45.9 | 282 55 53.7 -11.2 303 8839 295 99 89.7 -41.8 | 275 78 77.9 -7.1 290 9144 290 94 88.3 -32.1 | 268 77 76.5 2.6 276 9449 295 78 70.7 -33.0 | 268 59 58.8 1.8 266 9701 292 81 74.8 -30.3 | 266 63 62.9 4.4 240 10363 285 88 85.0 -22.8 | 261 74 73.1 12.0 228 10668 290 75 70.5 -25.7 | 261 59 58.6 9.1 218 10958 304 44 36.2 -24.2 | 247 27 24.4 10.5 217 10973 305 42 34.4 -24.1 | 245 25 22.5 10.6 209 11226 295 50 45.0 -20.8 | 247 36 33.1 13.9 198 11582 285 60 58.0 -15.5 | 247 50 46.1 19.2 189 11887 275 106 105.6 -9.2 | 255 97 93.7 25.5 180 12192 280 98 96.5 -17.0 | 258 86 84.6 17.7 174 12415 283 70 67.8 -15.8 | 251 59 55.9 19.0 172 12497 285 59 57.0 -15.3 | 247 49 45.1 19.5 164 12802 280 51 50.2 -8.9 | 236 46 38.4 25.9 136 14021 285 38 36.7 -9.8 | 225 35 24.8 24.9 133 14146 284 42 41.1 -9.9 | 230 38 29.2 24.8 123 14630 280 59 58.1 -10.2 | 242 52 46.2 24.5 112 15240 280 54 53.2 -9.4 | 238 48 41.3 25.4 107 15545 280 64 63.0 -11.1 | 245 56 51.2 23.6 72 17983 275 48 47.8 -4.2 | 230 47 35.9 30.5 70 18200 275 48 47.8 -4.2 | 230 47 35.9 30.5 69 18288 275 48 47.8 -4.2 | 230 47 35.9 30.5 66 18569 275 57 57.0 -5.0 | 237 54 45.1 29.7 66 18593 275 58 57.8 -5.1 | 237 55 45.9 29.7 54 19812 275 58 57.8 -5.1 | 237 55 45.9 29.7 51 20177 278 46 45.6 -6.7 | 230 44 33.7 28.0 50 20300 280 42 41.4 -7.3 | 227 40 29.5 27.4 49 20422 285 40 38.6 -10.4 | 228 36 26.8 24.4 43 21252 276 37 37.1 -3.9 | 219 40 25.2 30.8 42 21336 275 37 36.9 -3.2 | 218 40 25.0 31.5 40 21641 80 195 -192.0 -33.9 | 90 204 -203.9 0.9 38 21946 105 98 -94.7 25.4 | 119 122 -106.5 60.1 37 22250 265 60 59.8 5.2 | 230 62 47.9 40.0 35 22555 270 60 60.0 0.0 | 234 59 48.1 34.7 32 23165 330 42 21.0 -36.4 | 280 9 9.1 -1.6 31 23298 322 51 31.2 -40.0 | 285 20 19.3 -5.2 30 23470 315 62 43.8 -43.8 | 286 33 32.0 -9.1 30 23500 315 62 43.8 -43.8 | 286 33 32.0 -9.1 27 24079 270 116 116.0 0.0 | 252 110 104.1 34.7 27 24149 274 103 102.4 -7.5 | 253 95 90.5 27.2 26 24384 65 58 -52.6 -24.5 | 99 65 -64.4 10.2 25 24689 90 123 -123.0 -0.0 | 104 139 -134.9 34.7 24 24877 90 123 -123.0 -0.0 | 104 139 -134.9 34.7 24 24994 225 163 115.3 115.3 | 215 182 103.4 150.0 22 25298 260 86 84.7 14.9 | 236 88 72.8 49.7 22 25422 260 92 90.3 15.9 | 237 93 78.4 50.7 21 25603 260 100 98.5 17.4 | 239 101 86.6 52.1 20 25908 260 81 79.8 14.1 | 234 84 67.9 48.8 20 26020 255 89 86.0 23.0 | 232 94 74.1 57.8 19 26213 245 137 124.2 57.9 | 230 146 112.3 92.6 18 26518 210 177 88.5 153.3 | 202 203 76.6 188.0 17 27127 15 23 -6.0 -22.2 | 125 22 -17.8 12.5 16 27401 236 83 69.1 46.5 | 215 99 57.2 81.2 16 27432 235 90 73.7 51.6 | 216 106 61.9 86.3 15 27737 230 80 61.3 51.4 | 210 99 49.4 86.2 15 27809 225 78 55.4 54.4 | 206 99 43.5 89.2 14 28042 110 58 -54.5 19.8 | 129 86 -66.4 54.6 12 28346 | Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 311.1 at 48.9 knts Storm direction: 341.1 at 36.7 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 17.1 neg: 15.0 tot: 32.1 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): -62.9 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 1214.3 neg: -251.0 tot: 963.3 m^2/s^2 ave: 321.1 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.52 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 45.4 stream: 23.6 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.03 Bulk Rich Number: 0.03 Bulk Shear: 139.65 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 276 56 236 102| 0.0 84.0 84.0|645.4 0.0 645.4 1290.8 0.73| 85.5 62.5 1000 275 79 248 139| 7.3 42.0 49.3|841.6 -42.3 799.4 799.4 0.60| 58.2 34.8 1500 276 81 249 144| 3.5 28.0 31.5|841.6-177.0 664.7 443.1 0.45| 47.0 20.9 2000 278 76 249 131| 25.0 21.0 46.0|1158.0-231.1 926.8 463.4 0.54| 62.8 33.9 2500 283 67 250 110| 20.5 16.8 37.3|1214.3-235.3 979.0 391.6 0.54| 53.1 28.8 3000 289 61 253 94| 17.1 15.0 32.1|1214.3-251.0 963.3 321.1 0.52| 45.4 23.6 4000 301 54 259 69| 12.8 13.1 25.9|1214.3-262.9 951.4 237.8 0.48| 36.0 17.3 5000 308 51 263 55| 10.3 11.7 22.0|1214.3-265.0 949.3 189.9 0.45| 30.1 13.4 6000 311 49 264 49| 8.5 10.8 19.3|1214.3-274.3 939.9 156.7 0.42| 26.1 10.9